专利摘要:
Radiofrequency reflector network panel (1) for satellite antenna, comprising: - a structural support (2); - radiofrequency tiles (3) supporting polygonal radiofrequency cells (4) configured to reflect and phase out incident radiofrequency signals; - a complete connection (5), between the structural support (2) and the radiofrequency tile (3); and - at least two slide-type connections (6), between the structural support (2) and the radiofrequency tile (3), in the plane of the panel (1), with separate axes and passing through the complete connection (5) .
公开号:FR3086105A1
申请号:FR1800957
申请日:2018-09-13
公开日:2020-03-20
发明作者:Jean Francois David;Renaud Chiniard
申请人:Thales SA;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Radio frequency reflector network panel for satellite antenna and radio frequency reflector network for satellite antenna comprising at least one such panel
The invention relates to a radiofrequency reflective network panel for satellite antenna and to a radiofrequency reflective network for satellite antenna comprising at least one such panel.
Radiofrequency reflectors of antennae of large parabolic satellites, for example of the order of 6 m in diameter, are known, which are technically complicated and therefore expensive to meet the functional requirements of the mission (particularly which concerns geometrical stability in orbit).
Reflective network panels are known, such as on board the cubesat satellite, called Integrated Solar Array and Reflectarray Antenna in English, with the acronym ISARA, as illustrated in the figure.
1.
It is also known from demonstrators or prototypes produced on the ground operating in bands L to C.
However, the state-of-the-art flat panels pose a problem of thermal expansion when they have to operate at radio frequencies, taking into account the thermal gradients existing along such external appendages.
By its RF operation, a configuration using a Reflectarray type panel requires a rigorous selection of dielectric materials with low RF losses and low permittivity.
Thus, the possible materials in bands L to C, are naturally oriented on laminates with organic matrices (for example of cyanate ester, polyimide, or equivalent, ...) reinforced with quartz, silica or glass. These materials are certainly efficient in RF, but remain not very stable with regard to their coefficient of thermal expansion (of the order of 10 or even 12 ppm / ° C) for temperature variations observed in orbit.
This range of thermal expansion coefficients appears to be too large to guarantee the level of geometric stability required for a Reflectarray product, in order to meet the antenna requirements imposed by telecom operators.
The transverse thermal gradients (outside the plane of the thickness of the Reflectarray panel) induce, by the bimetallic effect of the panel, deformations noticeable out of the plane as illustrated in FIG. 2.
By bimetallic stripe is meant the coupling between dilations in the plane and dilations outside the plane (by membrane / flexion coupling) subsequent to high expansion coefficients.
An object of the invention is to overcome the problems mentioned above, and in particular for panels of dimensions greater than 2m by 2m.
According to one aspect of the invention, a radiofrequency reflector network panel for satellite antenna is proposed, comprising:
- a structural support;
- radiofrequency tiles supporting polygonal radiofrequency cells configured to reflect and phase out incident radiofrequency signals;
- a complete link (called fixed point), between the structural support and the radiofrequency tile; and
- at least two slide-type connections, between the structural support and the radiofrequency tile, in the plane of the panel, with separate axes and passing through the complete connection.
Such a panel has limited expansions and therefore compatible with the satellite mission requirements.
In one embodiment, the complete link can be arranged at the barycenter of the radiofrequency tile.
Thus, the deformations in the plane of the RF tile, under thermal loading, are minimized, which has a definite advantage for the antenna performance.
Alternatively, the complete link can be arranged at the edge of the radiofrequency tile.
Thus, this can facilitate certain configurations of RF 15 tile (local layout constraints), but in return will induce more significant deformations in the plane (compared to the complete link located in the center of the RF tile), therefore with antenna performance. more impacted by thermal loading.
According to one embodiment, the structural support comprises a spacer layer coated with two skins of draped orthotropic material, of thickness less than 1 mm, configured to provide an equivalent quasi-isotropic Young's modulus of between 100 and 200 GPa, and a coefficient of thermal expansion less than or equal to 3 ppm / ° C.
Thus, it is possible to ensure the dimensional stability required by the mission, this despite the coefficients of thermal expansion (or OTE for acronym of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion) available high for the dielectric materials constituting a radioelectric tile. Indeed, without the invention, only CTE lower than or equal to 3 ppm / ° C would guarantee this level of dimensional stability in orbit. Such CTE values remain commercially unavailable for the time being. The device for fixing a radio tile makes it possible to limit the bimetallic strip effect by preventing deformations out of the plane of the RF tile, by clamping effect on the structural panel. Thus, the deformations out of the plane remain limited to that of the structural panel, that is to say equivalent to those obtained by a CTE equivalent to 3 ppm / ° C.
In one embodiment, the spacer layer is made of honeycomb, and / or of a bar assembly, and / or of foam.
Thus, the spacer layer provides the necessary rigidity, with a sufficiently limited density.
According to one embodiment, the RF stage of the radiofrequency cells (4) comprises a stack of a carrier dielectric layer, covered with a stable radioelectrically insulating layer in a wide range of temperatures between -130 ° C and + 150 ° C], like a polyimide type laminate, such as Kapton (registered trademark).
In one embodiment, the RF stage of the radiofrequency cells comprises a partial copper layer, ensuring the radiofrequency phase shift, disposed between the carrier dielectric layer and the radioelectrically insulating layer, or on the radioelectrically insulating layer.
According to one embodiment, the radiofrequency cells are of reduced thickness comprised between 5 and 10 mm for the case of the frequency band S.
Thus the mass carried by the structural support remains limited.
In one embodiment, a complete link (also called a fixed point) comprises:
- a screw ;
- a threaded insert in the radiofrequency tile;
- a threaded insert in the structural support;
- a stepped spacer to ensure a spacing between the radiofrequency tile and the structural support and a centering of the elements of the complete connection, and provided with a bore for the screw; and
- a washer between the head of the screw and the insert in the flat support.
Thus, the direction of sliding in the plane appears to be controlled and the direction of sliding out of the plane remains constrained.
According to one embodiment, a link of the slide type comprises:
- a screw ;
- a threaded insert in the radiofrequency tile;
- a threaded insert in the structural support;
- a stepped spacer ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile and the structural support and a centering of the elements of the slide-type connection, and provided with a bore for the screw;
- a spring washer between the spacer and the insert in the support to calibrate the force exerted by the screw; and
- an oblong hole allowing a sliding area of the screw, between the spacer and the threaded insert along the axis of the slide-type connection.
Thus, the direction of sliding in the plane appears to be controlled and the direction of sliding out of the plane remains constrained.
In one embodiment, a slide-type link (6) comprises:
- an I-beam providing spacing between the radiofrequency tile and the structural support, comprising a lower wing, a core and an upper wing with internal thread;
- a layer of glue fixing the lower wing to the structural support;
- an insert in the tile, with bore;
- a screw ; and
- a washer between the head of the screw and the insert in the radiofrequency tile.
Thus, the direction of sliding in the plane appears to be controlled and the direction of sliding out of the plane remains constrained.
According to one embodiment, a link of the slide type comprises:
- a slide;
- a layer of glue fixing the slide to the structural support;
- an I-beam ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile and the structural support, comprising a lower wing forming a slide in the slide, a core and an upper wing with internal thread;
- an insert in the radiofrequency tile, with bore;
- a screw ; and
- a washer between the head of the screw and the insert in the radiofrequency tile.
Thus, the direction of sliding in the plane appears to be controlled and the direction of sliding out of the plane remains constrained.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also proposed a radiofrequency reflector network for satellite antenna comprising at least one panel according to one of the preceding claims, and assembly and deployment mechanisms.
The invention will be better understood from the study of a few embodiments described by way of non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
- Figure 1 schematically shows reflective network panels of the ISARA type, according to the state of the art;
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates the displacements out of the plane in the presence of thermal gradients transverse to the thickness of the Reflectarray panel, according to the state of the art;
- Figure 3 schematically illustrates a radiofrequency reflector network panel for satellite antenna, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 3bis schematically illustrates a variant of Figure 3, in which the structural support is faceted, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 3ter schematically illustrates a variant of Figure 3, in which the structural support is convex, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 4 schematically illustrates examples of radiofrequency cells with capacitive or inductive operation, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 5 schematically illustrates examples of radiofrequency cells with capacitive or inductive operation, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 6 schematically illustrates examples of possible forms of radio frequency tiles, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 7 schematically illustrates a method of fixing a rectangular radiofrequency tile on its structural panel, substantially at the barycenter of the tile, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 7bis schematically illustrates a method of fixing a rectangular radiofrequency tile on its structural panel, on an edge of the tile, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figures 8 and 9 schematically illustrate square radiofrequency cells, and the overall distortions of the Reflectarray Product in multi-panel version under case of transverse thermal loading according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 10 shows an example of a square Reflectarray panel fitted with square radiofrequency tiles, for example of dimensions 2 m x 2 m, according to one aspect of the invention;
- Figure 11 schematically illustrates a complete link (also called a fixed point of a radio frequency tile), according to one aspect of the invention; and
- Figures 12, 13 and 14 schematically illustrate slide-type connections, according to various aspects of the invention.
In all of the figures, the elements having identical references are similar.
FIG. 3 represents a radiofrequency reflector network panel 1 according to one aspect of the invention, in section, comprising:
- a structural support 2;
- radiofrequency tiles 3 supporting polygonal radiofrequency cells 4 configured to reflect and phase out incident radiofrequency signals;
- a complete link 5, between the structural support 2 and the radiofrequency tile 3; and
at least two slide-type connections 6, between the structural support 2 and the radiofrequency tile 3, in the plane of the panel 1, with separate axes and passing through the complete connection 5.
The complete connection 5 can be located in the middle of a tile or at the edge of the tile.
The structural support 2 comprises a spacer layer 2a coated with two skins 2b of draped orthotropic material, of thickness less than 1 mm, configured to provide an equivalent quasi-isotropic Young's modulus of between 100 and 200 GPa, and a coefficient of expansion. thermal less than or equal to 3 ppm / ° C.
By structural support 2 is meant a support ensuring the overall stiffness functions of the Reflectarray product, both in the stored and deployed configuration, the passage of forces at the level of the panel fastenings on the platform, the fixing of the Reflectarray inter-panel deployment hinges, as well as fixing RF tiles.
The structural support 2 can be planar or not, for example it can be faceted or convex, as respectively illustrated in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
The spacer layer 2a can be made of honeycomb, and / or of a bar assembly, and / or of foam.
The stage of the radiofrequency cells 4, or in other words all of the RF tiles, comprises a stack of a carrier dielectric layer, covered with a stable radioelectrically insulating layer in a wide temperature range between -130 ° C and + 150 ° C]. This insulating layer is provided for example by a layer of Kapton (registered trademark) corresponding to a laminate of polyimide type.
A cell 4 may comprise a partial copper layer, ensuring the radiofrequency phase shift, included disposed between the carrier dielectric layer and the radioelectrically insulating layer, or on the radioelectrically insulating layer.
The radiofrequency cells have a reduced thickness of 5 and 10 mm in S-band, which makes it possible to limit the mass carried on the structural support 2 of the panel 1.
The development of such radiofrequency cells requires rebuilding its own database allowing RF synthesis of the Reflectarray 1 panel. It is necessary to choose the cells adapted to the local phase shift to be carried out, and to choose between capacitive or inductive design.
FIG. 4 schematically represents radiofrequency cells with capacitive operation, of order 1, of order 2 and of order 3.
FIG. 5 diagrammatically represents radiofrequency cells with inductive operation, of order 1, of order 2 and of order 3.
Such a radiofrequency cell 4, of an unusual thickness, ensures operation with an RF stage of thickness λ / 8, while the state of the art RF retains a minimum thickness of λ / 4, λ representing the length d 'wave.
The main advantage of this device lies in the reduction in induced mass of the panel 1, as well as its increased compactness in stored configuration (ie not deployed) making it compatible with a volume under cover up to opening diameters of 6 m at 7m.
FIG. 6 schematically represents various forms of radiofrequency tiles 3 in the form of polygons, in this case in the form of regular polygons, such as square tiles, rectangular tiles, tiles in the shape of regular pentagons, or hexagonal tiles.
The cutting of such tiles is done so as to limit the RF impacts, while in particular reconciling the following functional requirements:
- manufacturing tolerance of a radiofrequency (RF) tile, and inter-tile clearance required during assembly of the structural panel;
- avoid the RF zones neutralized by essential non-RF functions: fixing of the HRMs (ensuring the fixing of the assembly of the Reflectarray panels on the platform during the launching phase), fixing of the inter-panel fittings 1, fixing of the thermal screen (element ensuring passive thermal control of the reflector panel on its front face) or sunshield in English covering the active face of panel 1;
- minimization of manufacturing distortions of an elementary RF tile 3;
- minimization of deformations in orbit under loading of the transverse thermal gradient type, taking into account the transfer system considered between an RF tile 3 and the structural support 2.
The layout of the RF stage is cut into disjoint tiles 3 in order to compensate for an insufficient intrinsic geometric stability (remaining controlled by the high CTE of the constituent dielectric materials).
FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a rectangular radiofrequency tile, according to one aspect of the invention, with the complete link (called fixed point) 5 and at the barycenter of the tile 3. Four slide-type links 6 concurrent in the plane of the panel 1, and for example along the diagonals of the rectangular RF tile 3.
The complete connection 5 can be ensured by gluing or any other form of mechanical fixing based on screws, rivets, etc.
The slide-type connections 6 can be provided by flexible bonding (silicone adhesive or equivalent), or by any other device ensuring free translation radially in the plane of the tile 3.
FIG. 7a illustrates a variant of FIG. 7, in which the complete link (called fixed point) 5 is arranged on the edge of the tile 3, for example in a corner for a rectangular radiofrequency tile. Such a tile 3 comprises three slide-type connections 6, for example arranged as in FIG. 7a.
FIG. 8 schematically represents a Reflectarray product produced by an assembly of panels 1 deployed so that the overall shape offered by the opening comes as close as possible to the mother dish of the equivalent reflector of the antenna.
Each of the panels 1 (in this case 9 in number for an antenna with a 6m opening), is fitted with RF tiles (for example 16 in number) so that the deformations in orbit remain controlled by the structural support panel (each of the RF tiles then sees its expansions outside the plane clamped by the proposed device, while the overall deformations at the level of the structural panel typically of 2m x 2m remain small due to the architecture chosen for the latter (associated with a judicious choice materials used: for example CFRP skins (carbon fibers impregnated with organic resin) with low CTE). Thus the out-of-plane deformations intrinsic to the RF tile (bimetallic strip type induced by transverse thermal gradients) are limited to those of the carrier panel (that is to say compatible with the antenna mission (in S-Band, we look for distortions in the plane less than 3mm, and in the plane less than 3mm)) .
FIG. 9 represents the deformation induced in orbit under a transverse thermal gradient which remains the worst case (considering as a reference the edge of the structural panel). The deformation outside the maximum plane is located in the center of the panel 1, with a global deformation under control, and levels of deformation on each of the elementary tiles <1 mm (therefore become compatible with the antenna mission).
FIG. 10 represents an example of a square panel with square tiles 3, for example of dimensions 2 m × 2 m.
FIG. 11 represents an example of a complete link or fixed point 5 comprising:
- a screw 10;
- a threaded insert 11 in the radiofrequency tile 3;
- a threaded insert 12 in the structural support 2;
- A shoulder 13 to provide spacing between the radiofrequency tile 3 and the structural support 2 and centering of the elements of the complete connection 5, and provided with a bore 14 for the screw 10; and
- a washer 15 between the head of the screw 10 and the insert 12 in the flat support
2.
FIG. 12 represents an example of a connection of the slide type 6 comprising:
- a screw 16;
- a threaded insert 17 in the radiofrequency tile 3;
- a threaded insert 18 in the structural support 2;
- a stepped spacer 19 ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile 3 and the structural support 2 and a centering of the elements of the slide-type connection 6, and provided with a bore 20 for the screw 16;
- A spring washer 21 between the spacer 19 and the insert 18 in the support 2 to calibrate the force exerted by the screw 16; and
- an oblong hole 22 allowing a sliding zone of the screw 16, between the spacer 19 and the threaded insert 18 along the axis of the slide-type connection 6.
FIG. 13 represents another example of a slide-type connection 6 comprising:
- An I-beam 23 ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile 3 and the structural support 2, comprising a lower wing 24, a core 25 and an upper wing 26 with internal thread 27;
- a layer of adhesive 28 fixing the lower wing 24 to the structural support 2;
- An insert 29 in the tile 3, with bore 30;
- a screw 31; and
- a washer 32 between the head of the screw 31 and the insert 29 in the radiofrequency tile 3.
FIG. 14 shows another example of a slide-type connection 6 comprising:
- a slide 33;
- a layer of glue 34 fixing the slide 33 to the structural support 2;
- An I-beam 35 ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile 3 and the structural support 2, comprising a lower wing 36 forming a slide in the slide 33, a core 37 and an upper wing 38 with internal thread 39;
- an insert 40 in the radiofrequency tile 3, with bore 41;
- a screw 42; and
- a washer 43 between the head of the screw 42 and the insert 40 in the radiofrequency tile 3.
The invention is devoted to applications such as Reflecarray panels or polarizing reflector on board satellites.
It overcomes the high CTE (thermal expansion coefficients) intrinsic to commercially available dielectric materials (which currently remain essential for their RF properties imperative for the mission). The invention makes it possible to limit / restrict deformations outside the plane of the RF tiles in orbit, so that the necessary RF performance is guaranteed.
权利要求:
Claims (14)
[1" id="c-fr-0001]
1. Radiofrequency reflector network panel (1) for satellite antenna, comprising:
- a structural support (2);
- radiofrequency tiles (3) supporting polygonal radiofrequency cells (4) configured to reflect and phase out incident radiofrequency signals;
- a complete connection (5), between the structural support (2) and the radiofrequency tile (3); and
- At least two slide-type connections (6), between the structural support (2) and the radiofrequency tile (3), in the plane of the panel (1), with separate axes and passing through the complete connection (5).
[2" id="c-fr-0002]
2. Panel (1) according to claim 1, wherein said complete connection (5) is disposed at the barycenter of the radiofrequency tile (3).
[3" id="c-fr-0003]
3. Panel (1) according to claim 1, wherein said complete connection (5) is disposed at the edge of the radiofrequency tile (3).
[4" id="c-fr-0004]
4. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the structural support (2) comprises a spacer layer (2a) coated with two skins (2b) of draped orthotropic material, of thickness less than 1 mm, configured to ensure a quasi-isotropic equivalent Young's modulus between 100 and 200 GPa, and a coefficient of thermal expansion less than or equal to 3 ppm / ° C.
[5" id="c-fr-0005]
5. Panel (1) according to claim 4, wherein the spacer layer (2a) is honeycomb, and / or in the assembly of bars, and / or foam.
[6" id="c-fr-0006]
6. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a radiofrequency cell (4) comprises a stack of a carrier dielectric layer, covered with a stable radioelectrically insulating layer in a wide temperature range between -130 ° C and + 150 ° C.
[7" id="c-fr-0007]
7. Panel (1) according to claim 6, in which the radioelectrically insulating stable layer is a laminate of polyimide type, such as Kapton (registered trademark).
[8" id="c-fr-0008]
8. Panel (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a radiofrequency cell (4) comprises a partial copper layer, ensuring the radiofrequency phase shift, disposed between the carrier dielectric layer and the radioelectrically insulating layer, or on the layer radio electrically insulating.
[9" id="c-fr-0009]
9. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the radiofrequency cells (4) are of reduced thickness comprised between 5 and 10 mm in the case of the frequency band S.
[10" id="c-fr-0010]
10. Panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a complete connection (5) comprises:
- a screw (10);
- a threaded insert (11) in the radiofrequency tile (3);
- a threaded insert (12) in the structural support (2);
- a spacer (13) shouldered to ensure a spacing between the radiofrequency tile (3) and the structural support (2) and a centering of the elements of the complete connection (5), and provided with a bore (14) for the screw (10); and
- a washer (15) between the head of the screw (10) and the insert (12) in the flat support (2).
[11" id="c-fr-0011]
11. Panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which a slide-type connection (6) comprises:
- a screw (16);
- a threaded insert (17) in the radiofrequency tile (3);
- a threaded insert (18) in the structural support (2);
- a stepped spacer (19) ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile (3) and the structural support (2) and a centering of the elements of the slide-type connection (6), and provided with a bore (20) for the screws (16);
- a spring washer (21) between the spacer (19) and the insert (18) in the support (2) to calibrate the force exerted by the screw (16); and
- an oblong hole (22) allowing a sliding area of the screw (16), between the spacer (19) and the threaded insert (18) along the axis of the slide-type connection (6).
[12" id="c-fr-0012]
12. Panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which a slide-type connection (6) comprises:
- an I-beam (23) ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile (3) and the structural support (2), comprising a lower wing (24), a core (25) and an upper wing (26) with internal thread (27) );
- a layer of adhesive (28) fixing the lower wing (24) to the structural support (2);
- an insert (29) in the tile (3), with bore (30);
- a screw (31); and
- a washer (32) between the head of the screw (31) and the insert (29) in the radiofrequency tile (3).
[13" id="c-fr-0013]
13. Panel (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which a slide-type connection (6) comprises:
- a slide (33);
- a layer of glue (34) fixing the slide (33) to the structural support (2);
- an I-beam (35) ensuring a spacing between the radiofrequency tile (3) and the structural support (2), comprising a lower wing (36) forming a slide in the slide (33), a core (37) and a upper wing (38) with internal thread (39);
- an insert (40) in the radiofrequency tile (3), with bore (41);
- a screw (42); and
- a washer (43) between the head of the screw (42) and the insert (40) in the radiofrequency tile (3).
[14" id="c-fr-0014]
14. Radiofrequency reflector network for satellite antenna comprising at least one panel according to one of the preceding claims, and assembly and deployment mechanisms.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
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法律状态:
2019-08-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2020-03-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200320 |
2020-08-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2021-08-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1800957|2018-09-13|
FR1800957A|FR3086105B1|2018-09-13|2018-09-13|RADIOFREQUENCY REFLECTOR NETWORK FOR SATELLITE ANTENNA AND RADIOFREQUENCY REFLECTOR NETWORK FOR SATELLITE ANTENNA INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE SUCH PANEL|FR1800957A| FR3086105B1|2018-09-13|2018-09-13|RADIOFREQUENCY REFLECTOR NETWORK FOR SATELLITE ANTENNA AND RADIOFREQUENCY REFLECTOR NETWORK FOR SATELLITE ANTENNA INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE SUCH PANEL|
US16/556,035| US11201412B2|2018-09-13|2019-08-29|Radio frequency reflect-array single panel for satellite antenna and an assembly of radio frequency reflect-array panels for satellite antenna comprising at least one such panel|
CA3054223A| CA3054223A1|2018-09-13|2019-09-05|Radio frequency reflect-array single panel for satellite antenna and an assembly of radio frequency reflect-array panels for satellite antenna comprising at least one such panel|
ES19196571T| ES2880826T3|2018-09-13|2019-09-10|Radio frequency reflector network panel for satellite antenna|
EP19196571.4A| EP3624268B1|2018-09-13|2019-09-10|Radiofrequency reflectarray pannel for satellite antenna|
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